Tuesday, December 4th, 2018. Day 3.
Students did their cursive writing and completed the spelling chapter that focused on words ending in 'ly.' Those students who did not attend strings got started on the below package which I will review again tomorrow. Students broke into groups to look up the definitions or topics that we covered in our unit on the American Revolution and the Loyalist Migration.
Planners:
Math: complete the algebra worksheet and your knowledge hook
Reading: finish reading your chosen fiction book
Writing: write a two body paragraph on a "should or should not" debate topic or write an essay on "How to be successful in any chosen pursuit."
Science: students are still doing their presentations
Health: the boys have a test tomorrow on diseases and healthy food choices.
Health: the girls have three questions to answer
History: prepare for your upcoming history test by preparing study notes or cue cards which will give the student an additional 5% or 3 marks
History: begin your project on the topic in your chapter; see the below posting on suggestions on how you can bring your topic to life
The American Revolution & The
Loyalist Migration page
63
*The French Canadians joined with the British since the French Canadians were
guaranteed French language, the seigneurial system, French family law, and the
preservation of French culture.
1. a) I believe that their anger may have been
justified in terms of Manifest Destiny since the American colonists wanted to
expand. The Americans were also taxed heavily to pay for the cost of the Seven
Years’ War. However, the British knew
that American expansion would only agitate the Native population in the Ohio Valley.
To Natives, again their lands were being taken.
b) The American colonists formed
Minutemen or American Patriot soldiers who would be ready “in a minute to
fight” the British.
2. The Patriot wanted independence
from the British Empire whereas the Loyalists wanted to remain in the British
Empire.
3.
The term Minutemen suggests that rebel soldiers could be ready in a
minute to fight the British. “The right
to bear arms…” was introduced in the eighteenth century purely to create an
army to fight against the British.
4. a) Surprisingly, the American
rebels-despite less numbers- defeated the British and forced them to retreat.
b) Ironically, the Americans had to
retreat from Vietnam since they could not defeat the Vietnamese. Russia too
withdrew from Afghanistan.
Page 65
1.
The Patriots wanted
independence from Britain.
2.
Minutemen confronted the British.
3.
“The shot heard around the world”
started the American Revolution.
4.
The British lost 300 men.
5.
The people of Quebec did not join the
Americans in the fight against Britain.
6.
The second Treaty of Paris ended the
American Revolutionary War.
7.
The Americans did not want to be contained to
the east of the Appalachians and they believed that the Quebecois would join
them in their fight against the British.
8.
The Continental Congress was formed
to grant the United States independence.
9.
The British fought with the help of
Loyalists who included First Nations, such as Joseph Brant and the Six
Nations, and Canadian volunteers.
African Americans fought for the British and they were granted freedom. Religious groups, such as Mennonites,
fled to Canada for religious freedom. Monarchists
believed that only a royal family should govern a nation. People who were
neutral also fled to Canada.
10.
One could argue that the various taxes,
such as the Stamp Act, started the revolution. The massacre in Boston inspired the
Americans. The British occupation
of the American colonies infuriated them. Lexington, Massachusetts, was where 77
rebel soldiers confronted 700 British troops.
Shooting began and this was known as the “shot that was heard around the
world.”
Page 66: The American Revolutionary
War
1.
In terms of significance, the
Americans formally declared their independence through a legal constitution in
order to separate from the British Empire.
2.
The British guaranteed the Quebecois
the following: a) French language rights b) freedom to practise the Roman
Catholic faith c) the seigneurial system of farming d) French family laws
remained but British criminal law was applied.
The Quebecois feared an expulsion that was similar to that of the
Acadians. The rag-tag- American forces
were unsuccessful at taking Quebec City.
3.
The Americans had the following
reasons why they won independence: a) they had little to lose because they were
already occupied by British forces b) the militia proved to be effective
fighting forces c) the American colonies were established in trade, resources
and the landed elites gained great wealth
d) leadership e) the lands were acquired from the Natives
4.
The Treaty of Paris allowed the
Americans access to the Ohio Valley, fishing rights and independence.
Page 67: the
Loyalist Migration
Loyalists were offered free land in Quebec, Nova Scotia, Upper Canada
(Ontario), and New Brunswick by the British government.
Loyalists differed in professions, incomes, religions, and ethnic
backgrounds. Some were neutral; others
were monarchists; some sought religious freedom; others were rewarded with
freedom. Loyalist communities grew in
Eastern Quebec, the Maritimes and the Niagara Region.
Joseph Brant fought against the Americans and relocated with the Six
Nations along the banks of the Grand River in present-day Brantford.
Page 68
1. The Patriots attacked the Loyalists and looted and burned their homes.
2. The Loyalists settled along the shores of Lake Ontario and Lake
Erie. Likewise, they settled along the
St. Lawrence in the Eastern townships of Quebec. Finally, many migrated to Nova Scotia and New
Brunswick.
3. The Loyalists were merchants, lawyers, servants, soldiers and a variety
of backgrounds.
4. It was very difficult for them to settle into their new homes.
5. African Americans who were enslaved were offered freedom if they joined
the British army.
6. The Iroquois were rewarded with land grants along the Grand River.
Page 69
1. A) The British gave land to Loyalists and strategically placed them along
the American border, such as the Niagara Region, so they could be used in case
of war.
B) They settled in the Maritimes, Lower Canada, and Upper Canada.
2. Many varied in wealth and status; however, most Loyalists wanted
democracy since they had local councils in the United States.
3. Black Loyalists and their families were rewarded safe passage, freedom,
and farmland in the Maritimes. However,
they faced discrimination and hardships.
Some even migrated back to Freetown in Sierra Leone.
4. A) Loyalists experienced the following hardships: unemployment,
starvation, refugee camps, unsuitable soil for farming, a lack of seeds, farms,
a lack of farm equipment, droughts, cold weather, and discrimination.
B) Syrian refugees, like many others, must leave their country because of
various push factors which include the following: a lack of safety, lack of
infrastructure and other necessities.
5 a) The First Nations were rewarded with land along the Grand River.
b) The First Nations have historically had alliances and participated in
wars with the British against the French and the Americans.
Page 71: Boston King
1.
Boston King was inhumanely treated
and laws under the Fugitive Slave Act also de-humanized African Americans.
2.
He met his wife in New York who also
was an escaped refugee.
3.
King not only risked his life, but
risked the possibility of torture.
4.
They and many others left Manhattan
and attempted to start as farmers in Nova Scotia.
5.
Despite their loyalties, Loyalists
mistreated them and committed violent acts such as burning down Birchtown.
6.
King and others wished to establish a
free settlement in Sierra Leone.
However, the British were mainly interested in colonizing the West Coast
of Africa.
7.
He established schools in Freetown.
Page 72: Joseph and
Mary Brant
1. Mary Brant the older sister of Joseph married a British Superintendent of
Indian Affairs.
2. Because of their loyalties to the British, the Mohawks were forced to
move to the banks of the Grand River and to Quebec.
3. The British used Native Groups, such as the Six Nations, to fight against
the Americans but only offered them land in B.N.A. or Canada.
4. Joseph worked as an interpreter.
5. They showed their loyalty, fought with the British and helped organize a
Confederacy.
6. Joseph persuaded the British to give land to the natives.
7. The Six Nation Reserves were taken over time and only 10% remains today.
Page 77: Loyalists
in Nova Scotia
1. About 30 000 Loyalists go to Nova Scotia.
In total, there were 100 000 of which 70 000 went to Lower Canada, Upper
Canada, the Caribbean, Prince Edward Island, Newfoundland, and the
England. They were mixed in terms of
income, religion, careers, ethnicity, and their reasons for fleeing the
American colonies.
2. People would be willing to relocate for the following reasons: safety,
peace, employment, better farmland, opportunities for their children, health
care, better climate, education, better technology, freedom, democracy, and
other motivating factors.
3. Loyalists were provided temporary tents, seed, farm tools, and basic
provisions. Many of these promises fell
short of reality.
Page 78: the
Loyalist Impact on Nova Scotia
Loyalists Arrive in Quebec
Loyalists who lived in New York and New England settled in Eastern
Quebecois towns such as Drummondville, Windsor, Granby, and Sherbrooke. Nearly 12 000 Loyalists fled to Quebec.
The Loyalists became and English-speaking minority in Quebec and the
British tried to balance the needs of the English and French in Quebec. The
Constitutional Act of 1791 changed the boundaries of Quebec and provided
support for the two ethnic groups. The
French felt threatened by the newcomers and the survival of their culture.
Members of Butler’s Rangers under Colonel John Butler settled in Newark
or present-day Niagara-on-the-Lake.
Newark was the capital of Upper Canada in 1792. The British also moved the Six Nations along
the banks of the Grand River. Burlington and Kingston were also towns along
Lake Ontario.
French Civil Law in Quebec
1) Quebec did not have elections. The British appointed a governor who
then appointed a ruling council to govern.
The Loyalists were used to local democracy.
2) Due to the seigneurial system, land was leased but not owned. Land could not be sold.
3) Most of the citizens were Roman Catholic. Catholics were legally obligated to pay 10%
of the income to the church.
Key Points of the Constitutional act of 1791
1) The Ottawa River divided the lower part of the St. Lawrence from the
upper part of the St. Lawrence.
2) A lieutenant-governor was appointed by the British for Upper and Lower
Canada.
3) Voters, men over 35 who owned land, could elect a legislative assembly
but their laws could be vetoed by the executive or legislative council.
4) The lieutenant-governor chose members for the executive and
legislative councils.
5) Catholics both in Upper and Lower Canada had to pay 1/10th of their
income to their Roman Catholic Church.
6) Land was awarded to First Nation Loyalist who fought for the British
during the American Revolutionary Wars.
7) Freehold was private land and not land leased. Freehold lands would be available in Upper
Canada and people in Lower Canada had the option of freehold or the seigneurial
system.
Here was the chain of
command in Canada in 1791:
THE KING OF ENGLAND
THE BRITISH PARLIAMENT
THE
GOVERNOR GENERAL
THE LIEUTENANT GOVERNOR OF UPPER CANADA &
THE LIEUTENANT GOVERNOR OF LOWER CANADA
THE EXECUTIVE
COUNCIL THE LEGISLATIVE COUNCIL THE EXECUTIVE COUNCIL THE LEGISLATIVE
COUNCIL
OF UPPER CANADA OF UPPER CANAD OF LOWER CANADA OF LOWER CANADA
THE LEGISLATIVE ASSEMBLY THE
LEGISLATIVE ASSEMBLY
10 000
POPULATION 160
000 POPULATION
1) Loyalists brought various skills such as military, business, and
trades. A cooper was a trained
barrel-maker.
2) Local democracy was expected,
but did not arrive until the 1840’s.
3) The township system divided
towns into a grid-like formation or roads ran north to south and east to west
rather than a radial pattern. Lots were
rectangular.
John Graves Simcoe (1752-1806)
He commanded the Queen’s Rangers against the American Patriots and
respected his Loyalist soldiers. He
promoted the concept of rewarding Loyalists with land in Nova Scotia and he
eventually moved to British North America.
He was appointed as the first lieutenant-governor of Upper Canada or
what we refer to as Southern Ontario.
His wife, Elizabeth, kept a diary of their experiences in Canada.
He started on an ambition mandate to accomplish the following:
1) He wanted to create a Canadian militia or volunteer force to protect
Upper Canada.
2) He wanted to organize the building of roads and bridges across the
colony. The King’s Highway or Dundas
Street eventually connected the town of York with the capital of Newark or currently
Toronto and Niagara-on-the-Lake.
3) Settlers from America could receive land if they cultivated farm land,
swore and oath to the King of England, and served in the militia.
4) The capital of Newark would be moved to York and soon Fort York would be
developed.
5) Upper Canada would be prepared for a potential war that did arrive in
1812.
Bringing History to
Life
1. Teach students how to do a traditional dance connected to the people in
your chapter.
2. Recreate something physical from the past such as a train, canal system,
ship or any topic in your assigned reading.
3. Research a traditional meal that appears as topic in your chapter.
4. Design a dress or make hat out of felt or construction paper from that
time period.
5. Design a front page of newspaper that reports a historical event from
your chapter.
6. Recreate a “Heritage Moment” or video clip of an event in history.
7. Do a Claymation or a stop -and -go recording.
8. Create a poster.
9. If Instagram account existed, what would a historical figure have and
what would appear on their account?
10. Recreate a trial.
11. Perform a skit.
12. You can learn a traditional song or perform a rap about the topic that
you are performing.
13. Build a tool of use. Safety is a concern.
14. Create a board game.
15. Design a cereal box.
16. Write a script for a short play
that groups may perform.
17. Create a coding project or use Minecraft
to recreate something from your chapter.
18. Design a ‘Jeopardy’ game show.
19. Make a doll or perform a puppet
show.
20. Draw or create a mural or form of
visual art.
21. Bake a cake that resembles a fort.
22. Create a slide show or Prezi
presentation.
23. If Oprah or Ellen DeGeneres went
back in time and interviewed someone, what would be discussed during the
interview?
24. Use AutoCAD or a three-dimensional
programme to design things from the past.
25. Choose a historical document or
primary source and recreate it or a piece of historical fiction, such as a
diary, of a person who likely existed in the past.
Your history test will be
three parts: A) matching vocabulary terms B) True and False C) Essay
question. There will be 60 marks. Five percent will be added to those who
provide study notes or cards that demonstrate they have adequately prepared for
the test.
Part A: Vocabulary 15
marks
1. the Ohio Valley-
2. Manifest Destiny-
3. the Seven Years’ War-
4. Minutemen-
5. Patriots-
6. the British Empire-
7. the second American amendment-
8. “the shot that was heard around the world”-
9. the second Treaty of Paris-
10. the American Declaration of
Independence-
11. the Continental Congress-
12. the House of Burgess-
13. the Six Nations-
14. Mennonites-
15. Neutral-
16. the Boston Massacre-
17. the American Colonies-
18. the Stamp Act-
19. Lexington, Massachusetts-
20. expulsion-
21. the first Treaty of Paris-
22. Brantford-
23. Freetown, Sierra Leone-
24. Boston King-
25. the Fugitive Slave Act-
26. Birchtown, Nova Scotia-
27. a primary source-
28. Joseph Brant-
29. Mary Brant-
30. Mohawks-
31. Butler’s Rangers-
32. Colonel John Butler-
33. Colonel Samuel Smith-
34. Newark, Upper Canada-
35. Burlington, Upper Canada-
36. Kingston, Upper Canada-
37. Drummondville, Lower Canada-
38. Windsor, Lower Canada-
39. Granby, Lower Canada-
40. Sherbrooke, Lower Canada-
41. Butler’s Rangers-
42. Governor-
43. Lieutenant-Governor-
44. freehold-
45. township-
46. the Queen’s Rangers-
47. John Graves Simcoe-
48. Elizabeth Graves Simcoe-
49. militia-
50. the King’s Highway-
51. Fort York-
52. Fort George-
53. the 13 Colonies-
54. the War of 1812-
55. the American Revolutionary Wars-
56. the Constitutional act of 1791
Part B: Here are true
statements that will be reworded into false statements or remain
essentially true. 35
marks
1. The British did not
want colonists to expand west of the Appalachian Mountains into the Ohio Valley
where they would stir discontent with the established First Nations.
2. The French Canadians
joined with the British since the French Canadians were guaranteed French
language, the seigneurial system, French family law, and the preservation of
French culture.
3. The Loyalists became
targeted by American Patriots since the Patriots felt that the Loyalists
interfered with their quest for independence.
4. Loyalists were
offered free land in Quebec, Nova Scotia, Upper Canada (Ontario), and New
Brunswick by the British government.
5. The Joseph and Mary Brant
were stepchildren of an important Mohawk chief.
6. Mary married a
British Superintendent of Indian affairs in New York and her brother became an
interpreter for British.
7. The Iroquois feared the loss of their land
when the American Revolution broke out
and they sided with the British.
8. The Mohawk
Confederacy became exiled to the banks of the Grand River in Upper Canada or
Southern Ontario whereas the other Mohawks were given land in Quebec.
9. Loyalists differed
in professions, incomes, religions, and ethnic backgrounds. Some were neutral; others were monarchists;
some sought religious freedom; others were rewarded with freedom.
10. Loyalist communities grew in Eastern Quebec,
the Maritimes and the Niagara Region.
11. Joseph Brant fought
against the Americans and relocated with the Six Nations along the banks of the
Grand River in present-day Brantford.
12. Boston King was
born a slave and studied carpentry. He
volunteered for the British forces and left North Carolina for New York.
13. Well over 3000
African Americans escaped slavery and left for Nova Scotia.
14. Birchtown, outside of Shelbourne, Nova
Scotia, was an African community which suffered hardships which included
starvation, unemployment, discrimination, and violence.
15. As a Methodist minister, he not only preached
but he also became a teacher and a published author.
16. He and many others
settled in Freetown, Sierra Leone.
17. King’s memoir is
considered a primary or first-hand historical document.
18. Loyalists lacked
support and they were not represented in the legislature and assemblies. New Brunswick and Cape Breton were created as
separate colonies and were permitted to vote in elective assemblies and
participate in business and above all form new towns.
19. Loyalists who lived
in New York and New England settled in Eastern Quebecois towns such as
Drummondville, Windsor, Granby, and Sherbrooke.
Nearly 12 000 Loyalists fled to Quebec.
20. The Loyalists
became and English-speaking minority in Quebec and the British tried to balance
the needs of the English and French in Quebec.
21. The Constitutional
Act of 1791 changed the boundaries of Quebec and provided support for the two
ethnic groups.
22. The French felt threatened by the newcomers
and the survival of their culture.
23. Members of Butler’s
Rangers under Colonel John Butler settled in Newark or present-day
Niagara-on-the-Lake. Newark was the
capital of Upper Canada in 1792.
24. The British also moved the Six Nations along
the banks of the Grand River.
25. Burlington and Kingston were also towns
along Lake Ontario.
26. Quebec did not have
elections. The British appointed a governor who then appointed a ruling council
to govern. The Loyalists were used to
local democracy.
27. Due to the seigneurial system, land was
leased but not owned. Land could not be
sold.
28. Most of the citizens were Roman Catholic. Catholics were legally obligated to pay 10%
of the income to the church.
29. The Ottawa River divided the lower part of the
St. Lawrence from the upper part of the St. Lawrence.
30. A lieutenant-governor was appointed by the
British for Upper and Lower Canada.
31. Voters, men over 35
who owned land, could elect a legislative assembly but their laws could be
vetoed by the executive or legislative council.
32. The lieutenant-governor chose members for the
executive and legislative councils.
33. Catholics both in Upper and Lower Canada had
to pay 1/10th of their income to their Roman Catholic Church.
34. Land was awarded to
First Nation Loyalist who fought for the British during the American
Revolutionary Wars.
35. Freehold was private land and not land
leased. Freehold lands would be
available in Upper Canada and people in Lower Canada had the option of freehold
or the seigneurial system.
36. Loyalists brought
various skills such as military, business, and trades. A cooper was a trained barrel-maker.
37. Local democracy was expected, but did not
arrive until the 1840’s.
38. The township system divided towns into a
grid-like formation or roads ran north to south and east to west rather than a
radial pattern. Lots were rectangular.
39. John Graves Simcoe
(1752-1806) commanded the Queen’s Rangers against the American Patriots and
respected his Loyalist soldiers.
40. Simcoe promoted the concept of rewarding
Loyalists with land in Nova Scotia and he eventually moved to British North
America.
41. He was appointed as the first
lieutenant-governor of Upper Canada or what we refer to as Southern
Ontario.
42. His wife, Elizabeth, kept a detailed diary of
their experiences in Canada.
43. He started on an
ambition mandate to accomplish the following:
a) He wanted to create
a Canadian militia or volunteer force to protect Upper Canada.
b) He wanted to
organize the building of roads and bridges across the colony. The King’s Highway or Dundas Street
eventually connected the town of York with the capital of Newark or currently
Toronto and Niagara-on-the-Lake.
c) Settlers from
America could receive land if they cultivated farm land, swore and oath to the
King of England, and served in the militia.
d) The capital of
Newark would be moved to York and soon Fort York would be developed.
e) Upper Canada would
be prepared for a potential war that did arrive in 1812.
45. The appointed chain
of command used by the British to manage the colonies of the Atlantic, Lower
Canada, and Upper Canada consisted of the following: a) the King of England b)
the British Parliament c) the Governor d) the Lieutenant-Governor of
Upper/Lower/Atlantic colonies e) the executive council & the legislative
council and f) the elected assembly
Part C: Essay Question Practise Questions; however, these too may be
altered to create an on-demand question based upon the information learned and
linking it to the outside world.
10
marks
1.
Loyalists
were essentially refugees of the American Revolutionary War. Who were they? How did they vary? What
hardships did they endure? How did they alter early Canada? What factors
motivate or push people out of a former nation?
Can you compare and contrast the Loyalists to a similar group who have
recently or historically entered Canada?
Why must nations develop refugee policies?
2.
French
language rights in Ontario have become a recent topic since the position of the
French Language Commissioner was recently amalgamated or combined with the role
of the Ombudsman of Ontario. Likewise, a
proposed French university will not be built in Toronto. Francophones have historically fought for
their rights before-and-after the Acadian expulsion, the Battle of the Plains
of Abraham, and after the influx of Loyalists into Lower Canada. Lord Durham recognized the tension between
two nations-the French and English- who made up early Canada. How should Canada ensure that both French
and English rights regarding language are maintained in our nation?
3.
Joseph
Brant lead a confederation against American forces. Unfortunately, the Six Nations became
refugees in their own lands and were relocated in Upper and Lower Canada. First Nation have struggled for recognition
of land rights. This has continued throughout
Canadian history from the Northwest rebellions of the nineteenth century and
even during the Oka Crisis of the 1990’s.
The recognition of First Nations’ land rights continue to this day. How
should the government of Canada improve conditions to respect and reconcile
with land rights for First Nations?
4.
The
British Empire had a very distinct chain of command to govern the colonies of
British North America or early Canada.
What are the pros and cons of this system? How could it have been improved? Is there a need for the Queen or King of
England to remain the symbolic head of the Canadian government? How would you improve or alter the British
command or what factors did not permit greater involvement or responsibility
among the colonists of British North America? Were we ready for democracy in
the 18th century?
5.
The
American colonists were successful in their revolution. What factors led to the causes of the
American Revolution? How did the
American colonists respond? Why were
they successful? Why do rebellions or
attempted revolutions fail? What factors
would lead to a revolution in Canada today?
6.
People,
such as Boston King, demonstrate “the triumph of the human spirit” or the ability
to overcome profound challenges. What
key things do students learn when we study about the African American Loyalists
who migrated to British North America? How
can we apply what we learn from the Loyalist Migration to ensure that Canada
has effective programmes to assist refugees who arrive in Canada today?
No comments:
Post a Comment
Note: only a member of this blog may post a comment.